Step 1: Determine Which Disability Program You’re Eligible For

Before applying, it’s important to understand which program is right for you:

• Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI): SSDI is for individuals who have worked and paid Social Security taxes for a certain number of years. To qualify for SSDI, you must have a disability that prevents you from working for at least 12 months or is expected to result in death.
• Supplemental Security Income (SSI): SSI is a needs-based program for individuals who are disabled, blind, or age 65 or older, and have limited income and resources. SSI does not require a work history.

In California, you can apply for both programs, depending on your eligibility.

Step 2: Gather the Necessary Documentation

Before starting the application, make sure you have all the required documents ready. These typically include:

• Personal Information: Birth certificate, Social Security number, and contact information.
• Medical Records: Documentation from your doctors, hospitals, and other medical providers that outlines your condition, treatments, and how your disability affects your ability to work.
• Work History (for SSDI applicants): Pay stubs, W-2 forms, or tax returns that show your work history and the amount of Social Security taxes you’ve paid.
• Income Information (for SSI applicants): Documentation of your income, assets, and household information.

Having this information ready will streamline the application process and help avoid delays.

Step 3: Apply Online, In Person, or by Phone

There are three ways you can apply for disability benefits in California:

• Online: The quickest and easiest way to apply is online through the Social Security Administration’s website at www.ssa.gov. Both SSDI and SSI applications can be submitted online. You can fill out the forms at your own pace and submit them when complete.
• By Phone: If you prefer to apply by phone, you can call the Social Security Administration’s toll-free number at 1-800-772-1213. A representative will assist you with the application process.
• In Person: You can visit your local Social Security office in California to apply in person. If you need help finding your nearest office, you can use the SSA’s office locator tool on their website.

Step 4: Wait for the SSA’s Decision

After you submit your application, the Social Security Administration (SSA) will review your case and make a decision. For SSDI applicants, this typically takes about 3 to 5 months. If you’re applying for SSI, the decision may take a bit longer due to the additional financial review.

• Approval: If your application is approved, you will receive a notification from the SSA, and your benefits will start as soon as your eligibility is confirmed.
• Denial: Many disability applications are denied initially. If this happens, you have the right to appeal the decision. The appeals process involves requesting a reconsideration, and if necessary, attending a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ).

Step 5: Consider the Disability Determination Process

• In California, the Disability Determination Service Division (DDSD) handles the medical evaluation of your disability claim. This division will work with your medical providers to assess whether your condition meets the SSA’s criteria for disability.
• The DDSD will gather medical evidence from your healthcare providers, and they may request additional records or tests to ensure they have enough information to make a decision. The more detailed your medical records, the better your chances of a quicker and more favorable decision.

Step 6: What Happens If Your Claim is Denied?

If your initial disability claim is denied, it’s not the end of the road. In fact, it’s common for claims to be denied at first, but you have the right to appeal:

• Request a Reconsideration: This is the first step in the appeals process. Your case will be reviewed by someone who wasn’t involved in the initial decision.
• Request a Hearing: If your reconsideration is denied, you can request a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ). This is an important step where you will have the opportunity to present your case in person.
• Appeal to the Appeals Council or Federal Court: If you lose the ALJ hearing, you can ask for a review by the Appeals Council or file a lawsuit in federal court.